Skin

How skin changes after 40, and the evidence behind tretinoin, topical estriol, azelaic acid and copper peptides.

5 articles

SkinAzelaic acid and niacinamide for rosacea and dark spots: what the evidence showsWhat azelaic acid is FDA-approved for, what trials show for rosacea and melasma, the evidence for niacinamide, and what to know about a combination cream.6 min read

SkinEstriol cream for the face: what the small studies show, and who should avoid itWhat small trials of estriol and estrogen cream on facial skin found, whether it reaches your bloodstream, who should avoid estrogen, and what compounded means.7 min read
SkinCopper peptide (GHK-Cu) skin benefits: what is known, and what is notWhat the copper peptide GHK-Cu is, what lab and small human studies found for aging skin, why the evidence is thin, and what is still unknown about it.6 min read
SkinMenopause skin changes: collagen loss, dryness, and what actually has evidenceWhy skin gets thinner and drier after menopause, what studies found about collagen loss, and which treatments, from sunscreen to tretinoin, have evidence.7 min read
SkinTretinoin for wrinkles: what the FDA label and trials actually showWhat FDA-approved tretinoin cream is labeled to do for wrinkles, what trials measured, how to handle the irritation, and why it is not for use in pregnancy.7 min read

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